Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 have reshaped the educational management functions due to the massive penetration of computer and network applications. The future of Indonesian schools is no exception. Technology has become a fundamental key of the 21st Century schools, with particular reference to digital transformation. However, even though education market is suffering changes due to technology advancement, schools seem slow far behind to react. Accordingly, with the rapid development of technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) such as Robotics, Internet of Things (IoT), 3-D Printing, Nano-technology, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), school leadership and management development are crucial for school improvement, school effectiveness, and student achievements. Thus, this book entitled, School-Based Management and School Leadership provides significant reference in the efforts of accelerating school quality by focusing on developing a democratic school system and school leadership.